In the intact cell, DNA closely associates with histones and other nuclear proteins to form chromatin. The remodeling of chromatin is believed to be a critical component of transcriptional regulation, and a major source of this remodeling is brought about by the acetylation of nucleosomal histones. Acetylation of lysine residues in the amino terminal tail domain of histone results in an allosteric change in the nucleosomal conformation and an increased accessibility to transcription factors by DNA. Conversely, the deacetylation of histones is associated with transcriptional silencing. Several mammalian proteins have been identified as nuclear histone acetylases, including GCN5, PCAF (for p300/CBP-associated factor), p300/CBP and the TFIID subunit TAF II p250. Mammalian HDAC1 (also designated HD1) and HDAC2 (also designated mammalian RPD3), both of which are related to the yeast transcriptional regulator Rpd3p, have been identified as histone deacetylases.
Background References
暂无
Sequence Similarity
Belongs to the histone deacetylase family. HD type 1 subfamily.
Tissue Specificity
Widely expressed; lower levels in brain and lung.
Post-translational Modification
S-nitrosylated by GAPDH. In neurons, S-Nitrosylation at Cys-262 and Cys-274 does not affect the enzyme activity but abolishes chromatin-binding, leading to increases acetylation of histones and activate genes that are associated with neuronal development. In embryonic cortical neurons, S-Nitrosylation regulates dendritic growth and branching.
Blocking: 5% NFDM/TBST, 1 hour at room temperature Primary antibody: R1601-7, 1/10,000 in 5% NFDM/TBST, overnight at 4 ℃ Secondary antibody: Goat anti-Rabbit IgG-HRP (HA1001), 1/50,000 in 5% NFDM/TBST, 1 hour at room temperature
Predicted band size: 55 kDa Observed band size: 55 kDa
☑ Knockout (KO)
All lanes: Western blot analysis of HDAC2 with anti-HDAC2 antibody (R1601-7) at 1/500 dilution. Lane 1: Wild-type Hela whole cell lysate (10 µg). Lane 2/3: HDAC2 knockout Hela whole cell lysate (10 µg).
R1601-7 was shown to specifically react with HDAC2 in wild-type Hela cells. No bands were observed when HDAC2 knockout sample were tested. Wild-type and HDAC2 knockout samples were subjected to SDS-PAGE. Proteins were transferred to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% NFDM in TBST for 1 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (R1601-7, 1/500) was used in 5% BSA at room temperature for 2 hours. Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG-HRP Secondary Antibody (HA1001) at 1:300,000 dilution was used for 1 hour at room temperature.
ICC staining HDAC2 in LOVO cells (green). The nuclear counter stain is DAPI (blue). Cells were fixed in paraformaldehyde, permeabilised with 0.25% Triton X100/PBS.
ICC staining HDAC2 in NIH/3T3 cells (green). The nuclear counter stain is DAPI (blue). Cells were fixed in paraformaldehyde, permeabilised with 0.25% Triton X100/PBS.
ICC staining HDAC2 in SH-SY5Y cells (green). The nuclear counter stain is DAPI (blue). Cells were fixed in paraformaldehyde, permeabilised with 0.25% Triton X100/PBS.
Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded human tonsil tissue using anti-HDAC2 antibody. Counter stained with hematoxylin.
Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded human colon cancer tissue using anti-HDAC2 antibody. Counter stained with hematoxylin.
Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded human kidney tissue using anti-HDAC2 antibody. Counter stained with hematoxylin.
Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded mouse brain tissue using anti-HDAC2 antibody. Counter stained with hematoxylin.
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